IRAK-4 Polyclonal Antibody

The toll-like receptor (TLR) family in mammals comprises a family of transmembrane proteins characterized by multiple copies of leucine rich repeats in the extracellular domain and an interleukin-1 (IL-1) receptor motif in the cytoplasmic domain. Like its counterparts in Drosophila, TLRs signal through adaptor molecules.{17503} Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinases (IRAKs) are important mediators in the signal transduction of Toll/IL-1 receptor (TIR) family members.{18761} The cytoplasmic domains of TIR proteins interact with the adapter protein, MyD88. MyD88 then recruits IRAKs (IRAK-1-4), which in turn interact with other adapter molecules, such as TRAF6 to activate NF-?B and MAPK pathways. A member of this family, IRAK-4 has been identified.{18762} IRAK-4 may act as an upstream activator of IRAK-1. IRAK-4 is important for LPS activation of TLRs. Mice lacking IRAK-4 are resistant to lethal doses of LPS and are also severely impaired in their responses to viral and bacterial challenges.{18763,18764}