Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), also known as Müllerian-inhibiting hormone (MIH) or Müllerian inhibiting substance (MIS). Wild-type human AMH protein is synthesized as a disulfide-linked dimer of two identical 70-kDa polypeptides, which undergoes proteolytic processing to generate a 110-kDa N-terminal dimer and a bioactive 25-kDa TGF-?-like C-terminal dimer. The N-terminal dimer interacts with C-terminal dimer via non-covalent bond to form a bioactive complex that binds to its Type 2 receptor AMHR2. AMH is critical to sex differentiation during fetal development and is a predictor for ovarian response in in vitro fertilization and useful in fertility assessment. In addition, AMH has been shown to be a biomarker for diagnosis as well as monitoring for recurrences of ovarian tumors of granulosa cell origin, and a biomarker of polycystic ovary syndrome and Turner Syndrome.