Citrullinated a-Enolase Monoclonal Antibody (Clone 4A7)

?-Enolase, also known as enolase-1, is a glycolytic enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of 2-phosphoglycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate.{42086} It is ubiquitously expressed in human tissues, including liver, spleen, kidney, and brain. In cells, ?-enolase is primarily localized to the cytoplasm, however, an alternatively translated form localizes to the nucleus and lacks glycolytic enzyme activity.{42086,42087} ?-Enolase functions as a cell surface receptor for plasminogen on pathogens and activated immune cells, as an oxidative stress protein in endothelial cells, and as a chromatin binding partner to facilitate transcription.{42087,42088,42089} It is an autoantigen in asthma, Hashimoto's encephalopathy, and rheumatoid arthritis, and has been found in the serum of pediatric patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis.{42090,42091,42092,36062} ?-Enolase is also subject to citrullination by peptidyl arginine deiminases (PADs) and citrullinated ?-enolase has been found in the synovial fluid of rheumatoid arthritis patients.{42092} Cayman’s Citrullinated ?-Enolase Monoclonal Antibody (Clone 4A7) can be used for ELISA and Western blot applications. The antibody recognizes citrullinated ?-enolase at approximately 47 kDa from human samples.