CD31 Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody

CD31, also known as platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule (PECAM-1), is a vascular cell adhesion molecule and member of the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily of glycoproteins.{54427} It is a transmembrane glycoprotein that contains a large extracellular domain with Ig homology domains and glycosaminoglycan binding sites, a membrane-spanning region, and a cytoplasmic domain containing multiple phosphorylation sites.{54427,54428} CD31 is expressed on a variety of cells, including endothelial cells, monocytes, neutrophils, and platelets, among others, and is a surface marker for embryonic stem cells (ESCs).{54427,57537} It forms homophilic interactions, which allow it to aggregate at endothelial cell-cell junctions where it regulates vascular permeability.{54428} Tyrosine phosphorylation at sites on the CD31 cytoplasmic domain, including at immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs (ITIMs), recruits cytoplasmic proteins, leading to downstream signaling with either inhibitory or activating effects.{54429} CD31 also has roles in integrin-mediated adhesion, leukocyte recruitment, angiogenesis, and inflammation.{54428,54430,54431} High levels of CD31+ circulating cells positively correlate with C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and the Framingham risk score for hard coronary artery disease, while low levels on circulating cells negatively correlate with the Framingham risk score.{54432} A mutation in PECAM1, the gene encoding CD31, is associated with atherosclerotic cerebral infarction.{54433} Cayman’s CD31 Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody can be used for immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Western blot (WB) applications. The antibody recognizes CD31 at approximately 130 kDa from human samples.