SNAP-25 Polyclonal Antibody

Synaptosomal-associated protein 25 (SNAP-25) is a member of the SNARE complex, which also includes syntaxin and VAMP, that is responsible for fusing synaptic vesicles with the presynaptic plasma membrane to facilitate neurotransmitter release.{55160} Two SNAP-25 isoforms, SNAP-25a and SNAP-25b, are generated through alternative splicing, with SNAP-25b expressed only during the postnatal period and as the predominant isoform in the brain.{55161} SNAP-25 contains two ? helices, as well as one large and several smaller intrinsically disordered domains.{55160} It also contains a cluster of closely spaced cysteine residues that are subject to palmitoylation, a modification that regulates the intracellular distribution of SNAP-25, as well as residues subject to phosphorylation, modifications that modulate the rate of vesicle recruitment and its interactions with syntaxin.{55160,55154,55211} SNAP-25 is located primarily on the intracellular side of the presynaptic plasma membrane in neurons and interacts with a variety of proteins to orchestrate vesicle fusion in a calcium-triggered manner and to mediate spine development.{55160} It is also found in the pancreas, enteroendocrine cells, and the chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla where it is involved in hormone secretion.{55161} Decreased expression of SNAP-25 in a heterozygous mouse model leads to moderate hyperactivity, impaired learning and memory, and increased susceptibility to seizures induced by kainate. SNPs in SNAP-25 are associated with attention deficient/hyperactivity disorder, as well as bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and autism spectrum disorder.{55218} Protein levels of SNAP-25 are decreased in postmortem brain from patients with Down syndrome and Alzheimer’s disease and in postmortem hippocampus from patients with schizophrenia.{52222,55224} Cayman’s SNAP-25 Polyclonal Antibody (Clone D005) can be used for Western blot (WB) applications. The antibody recognizes SNAP-25 at 25 kDa from rat samples.