L-Alanyl-L-Glutamine

L-Alanyl-L-glutamine is a synthetic glutamine dipeptide that can attenuate oxidative stress in rodent models when administered at doses of 0.75-1.5 mg/kg.{34399,34398,34396,34394} In vivo, the parenteral administration of L-alanyl-L-glutamine to Swiss mice yields higher plasma glutamine levels compared to enteral administration.{34393} In vitro, the addition of this dipeptide (50 mM) to cultures of antibody-producing CHO cells reduces apoptosis and promotes antibody production.{34397} Treatment of insulin-secreting BRIN-BD11 ?-cells with L-alanyl-L-glutamine (2 mM) protects against the inflammatory effects of exposure to lipopolysaccharide-treated primary macrophages.{34395}