Citrullinated Histone H3 (human, recombinant)

Histone H3 is a nuclear protein and a component of the nucleosome core that is essential for organizing genomic DNA in eukaryotic nuclei.{56209} It is a globular protein that contains an unstructured N-terminal tail that extends outside of the nucleosome core and is subject to various post-translational modifications, including citrullination. Histone H3 is subject to citrullination of arginine residues by peptidyl arginine deiminase 4 (PAD4) at positions 2, 8, 17, and 26, and this citrullination blocks methylation of these residues by protein-arginine methyltransferase 4 (PRMT4) and induces transcriptional repression of target genes. Citrullinated histone H3 is a component of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) that acts as an autoantigen to induce the production of anti-citrullinated protein antibodies associated with various diseases such as sepsis, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and multiple myeloma.{56209,30129,35770,46253} Cayman's Citrullinated Histone H3 (human, recombinant) protein is derived from purified Histone H3 (human, recombinant) (Item No. 10263) that has been modified by PAD4, which is removed by affinity chromatography after the reaction.