Plumbagin

Plumbagin is a natural 1,4-naphthoquinone first isolated from plants of the genus Plumbago. It has diverse effects in cells and animals. Plumbagin causes the generation of reactive oxygen species and induces apoptosis in cancer cells.{28824,25057} It activates signaling through Nrf2 and the antioxidant response element, inducing the expression of Nrf2 target genes, including NQO1 and heme oxygenase-1 in cultured neuronal cells.{28824} Plumbagin also inhibits NADPH oxidase 4 in a time- and dose-dependent manner.{28825} It can be protective against peroxide stress or deprivation of glucose or oxygen.{28824}