GSK3B (Phospho-Ser9) Polyclonal Antibody

Glycogen synthase kinase 3? (GSK3?) is a serine/threonine protein kinase that has roles in numerous signaling pathways and cellular processes, including cell proliferation and survival, as well as neural development and plasticity.{60859,60860} It is composed of an N-terminal ?-strand domain, a kinase domain, and a C-terminal ?-helical domain.{60861} GSK3? is constitutively active, ubiquitously expressed, and localizes predominantly to the cytosol but is also found in the nucleus and mitochondria.{60860,60862} It is inhibited by phosphorylation at serine 9 (Ser9), which is mediated by a variety of kinases, including PKA, PKB, and Akt, and has roles in insulin, growth factor, and Wnt signaling pathways.{60860} GSK3? is involved in several pathophysiological conditions, such as diabetes, cancer, inflammation, and neurological or psychiatric disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and bipolar disorder.{60862,60859} Levels of GSK3? (phospho-Ser9) are decreased in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex in a rat model of memory impairment and are rescued by lithium.{62477} The overexpression of GSK3? with low levels of Ser9 phosphorylation is associated with a poor prognosis in patients with pancreatic ductal carcinoma (PDAC).{62478} However, GSK3? (phospho-Ser9) levels are increased in cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cells in vitro and in skin cancer tissues from patients with squamous cell carcinoma.{62476} Cayman's GSK3? (Phospho-Ser9) Polyclonal Antibody can be used for Western blot (WB) applications. The antibody recognizes GSK3? (phospho-Ser9) at ~46 kDa from rat and mouse samples.