Monoclonal Antibody to BST 2 (Clone: ABM52D8)

BST2 (Bone Marrow Stromal Antigen 2), a type II transmembrane protein also known as HM1.24/CD317, has been identified to be overexpressed in a variety of cell lines from different cancer types, including multiple myeloma, breast, lung, and kidney cancers. BST2 was discovered as a marker of differentiated B cells and was later rediscovered as a potent antiviral restriction factor with the ability to tether enveloped viruses to the cell membrane of infected cells via its GPI anchor as well as to potently inhibit virus replication in cultured cells and in vivo. It also acts as an innate immune sensor of HIV-1 that elicits an inflammatory response upon exposure. BST2 mediate host immune response by activating NF-KB through interaction with TAK1 (Transforming Growth Factor Beta-Activated Kinase 1) and TNF receptor associated factors (TRAFs) 2 and 6. In addition, BST2 induces ADCC (antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity) against the envelope protein of HIV. BST2 was expressed constitutively on the cell surface of both CD3− and CD3+ thymocytes ex vivo.